Deep dives into the protocols that power the internet.
The internet isn't a cloud; it's a series of physical cables and meeting points. Discover how Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) keep the world connected.
High bandwidth doesn't mean low latency. Bufferbloat causes massive lag during video calls and gaming when your network is busy. Learn how to fix it.
Unlike generic speed tests, Cloudflare Radar uses passive monitoring across millions of properties. We dive deep into the L7 traffic analysis, DNS logs, and BGP routing data sources.
Your interface says 1Gbps, but your file transfer is 940Mbps. Where did the data go? We break down IP headers, TCP framing, and the difference between raw capacity and usable data.
Is your internet slow despite a high bandwidth plan? Incorrect MTU or MSS settings can cause packet fragmentation and slow down your entire network.
Your ISP promised 100 Mbps, but your games lag and Zoom calls freeze. The culprit is likely Bufferbloat or Jitter. Here is the technical guide to validating your true internet performance.